Modelling
At NRG in close collaboration with the institutes IPMMS in Ukraine and with SPA Typhoon in Russia, a set of models has been developed for calculating the dispersion of radionuclides and other substances in the aquatic environment.
These models differ in spatial and temporal resolution, and in the field of application.
Click button to view an animation (in a separate window) of an emission of warm water into the Rotterdam harbour.

The hydrological models are:

• Intensively tested
• applied on various sites in Europe
• validated in the framework of several international EC-Projects over the last seven years
• implemented in a decision support system

Applicability of models
The models can be applied in consultancy and emergency support.

• Permits: regular discharges of radionuclides, heavy metals, pesticides, and organic pollution in lakes and rivers
• Permits: regular discharges of heat (cooling water discharge)
• Environmental Impact Studies
• Predicting water levels and predicting flood risks in river
• Estimation of accidental discharges on the basis of data assimilation
• Estimating the hazard of dumping sites on the groundwater quality
• Risk Assessments on industrial discharges of radionuclides

A fast range of models is available:

RUNOFF MODELS
RETRACE (2D)

RIVER MODELS
Also applicable for rivers with dams and sluices
RIVTOX (1D)

LAKE MODELS
LAKECO-B: with biota model
COASTOX (2D): shallow reservoir and lakes
THREETOX (3D): deep lakes

Calculated Heat flow in the Cooling Pond of the Chernobyl Power Plant, Ukraine (THREETOX)

COASTAL AREAS AND ESTUARIES
COASTOX (2D) estuaries
THREETOX (3D) estuaries, coastal areas and seas

GROUNDWATER
SUSTOX (2D or 3D)
GROWTOX (1D or 2D)